Mobile Devices and Geolocation
Monday, June 2nd, 2008Lately, I’ve been thinking about the exhilarating avenues opened by the advent and popularization of geo-conscious mobile devices, that is to say, mobile phones that can tell you - and other people or machines - where you are. This subject is, of course, deeply connected to geographic knowledge applications like MapMyGlobe.
As long as users access your app from their broadband, fixed connection, there’s only one main way to achieve geolocation, through IP addresses and databases of uncertain precision.
However, as more and more users browse Web 2.0-type apps from their handheld devices the precision as well as the variety of possible ways to geolocate them are increasing dramatically.
First, you can always resolve the device’s IP address in the same way you used to do it for fixed lines. The IP address is your network carrier’s, and this will give you, at best, a city-level precision.
From the phone and the network carrier’s point of view, now, another solution is to identify cells you’re receiving signals from, and triangulate them so as to get your position from the cell towers’ positions. This is better, but is still not that precise: in cities, interferences between waves and rebounds on buildings cause losses of precision, while in the countryside a single cell tower covers a very large area. It also implies you need to be connected using your carrier’s network, which might prove pricy and slow depending on your country and service plan
A remarkable way of achieving the same thing, possibly much more precisely, and while using a regular Wifi connection, is through the use of a MAC address-location mapping. The company that got to popularize this service is called Skyhook Wireless and they provide the impressive Wifi geolocation service for the iPhone. The way they work is that they basically just cruise around U.S. and European cities in a Wifi-probing GPS-enabled van and write down Wifi routers’ MAC addresses and geographic coordinates, a practice known as wardriving.
You can also, of course, directly use a GPS-enabled device (or Galileo in a few years…), which are more and more widespread.
Finally, if we look forward at a few years from now, cell phones will most certainly contain a RFID chip - so that you’ll be able to use your phone as a credit card or transportation ticket. So if there’s a critical mass of RFID sensors out there, which is probable, you’ll be able to track people directly from the actions they make or the things they buy. It doesn’t even require you to use your device as a phone anymore, as this geolocation scheme will rely on its own, external network - a Supranet. Of course, this is further away from today, and it will cause severe privacy and security issues. But is also opens worlds of possibilities in terms of services and applications.
As you can see, there are more and more different ways to geolocate your users. In a future post, I’ll write about how I think the ability to easily locate users on a Real-time basis can prove revolutionary in web applications in general, and in Content Management Systems in particular.